The Atatürk Dam (Atatürk Barajı), originally the Karababa Dam, is a zoned rock-fill dam with a central core on the Euphrates River on the border of Adıyaman Province and Şanlıurfa Province in Southeastern Anatolia Region of Turkey. Built both to generate electricity and to irrigate the plains in the region, it is later renamed after Mustafa Kemal Atatürk (1881–1938), the founder of the Turkish Republic, to honor him with its very large scale. The construction began in 1983 and was completed in 1990. The dam and the hydroelectric power plant, which went into service after the upfilling of reservoir was accomplished in 1992, are operated by the State Hydraulic Works (DSİ). The reservoir created behind the dam, called Lake Atatürk Dam (Atatürk Baraj Gölü), is the third largest in Turkey.

The Atatürk Dam is situated at 24 km (15 mi) northwest to Bozova town of Şanlıurfa Province on the state road to Adıyaman. Centerpiece of the 22 dams on the Euphrates and the Tigris, which all form the integrated, multi-sector regional development project of Southeastern Anatolia Project, known as GAP, it is one of the world's largest dams. The Atatürk Dam, one of the five operational dams on the Euphrates as of 2008, is preceded by Keban and Karakaya dams upstream and followed by Birecik and the Karkamış dams downstream. Two more dams on the river are under construction.

The Atatürk Dam embankment is 169 m (554 ft) high and 1,820 m (5,970 ft) long. The hydroelectric power plant has a total installed power capacity of 2,400 MW generating 8,900 GWh electricity annually. The total cost of the dam project amounted about US$ 1.25 billion.

The Atatürk Dam was depicted on the reverse of the Turkish one million lira banknotes of 1995-2005 and of the 1 new lira banknote of 2005-2009.

The Hydro-electric Power Plant of the Atatürk Dam is the biggest of a series of 19 power plants of the GAP project. It consists of eight Francis turbine and generator groups of 300 MW each, supplied by Sulzer Escher Wyss and ABB Asea Brown Boveri respectively. The up to 7,25 m dia steel pressure pipes (penstocks) with a total weight of 26.600 tons were supplied and installed by the German NOELL company (today DSD NOELL). The power plant's first two power units came on line in 1992 and it became fully operational in December 1993. The Hydro-electric Power Plant can generate 8,900 GWh of electricity annually. Its capacity makes up around one third of the total capacity of the GAP project.

During the periods of low demand for electricity, only one of the eight units of the Hydro-electric Power Plant is in operation while in times of high demand, all the eight units are in operation. Hence, depending upon the energy demand and the state of the interconnected system, the amount of water to be released from the Hydro-electric Power Plant might vary between 200 and 2,000 m³/sec in one day.